Wireless Networking Concept Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine about the Wireless Networking Concept. Answer: Information Encryption Standards for WiMAX 3DES and AES are the most famous encryption guidelines that are being utilized to encode information that are being moved in the WiMAX organize. Overall Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) can be expressed as an association of the associations that are contributing in the turn of events and assembling of remote contraptions in way to improve and upgrade the norms for Broadband like systems (Hassan Bach, 2014). The 3DES (Triple Data Encryption Standard) has been utilizing three extraordinary and different keys that are of the length 56-piece each nonetheless, these could hinder the real execution in a portion of the product. Subsequently 3DES becomes out of date due to the commitment in making the presentation moderate and constrained length of the keys. This lead to the need of another encryption standard and now AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) has become the primary apparatus for the encryption of information while voyaging or being moved through WiMAX arrange. AES is e quipped for giving 256-piece, 192-piece, and 128-piece encryption keys for the encryption of the information (Ravishankar, et al., 2017). It was advanced through acquiring CCMP standard and got one of the most well known norms. In correlation with the triple information encryption principles AES is a lot quicker and a lot simpler to be executed and utilized and it likewise required less memory in examination. There are the conceivable outcomes that it probably won't have the option to utilized by all end-client terminals however it does requires devoted processors on board the BS (Eren, 2014). This outcome it as the most essential scrambling apparatus that can be utilized in the WiMAX Network. The third picked encryption standard is (Rivest Shamir Adleman)RSA that can be portrayed as an open key uneven calculation for the encryption that can likewise be utilized to scramble through utilizing the SS open key in way to ensure the Authorisation Reply message. The Authorisation Reply me ssage incorporates a calculation key named AK (Authorisation Key) that is additionally can likewise be utilized to scramble the traffic messages or can be utilized as traffic encryption keys during the exchange of the messages to the SS from the BS (Ahmad Ismail, 2016). Among the DES, 3DES, AES and RSA the more powerful and simple encryption standard is the AES that can be actualized during moving the information or data or record through WiMAX arrange. In correlation with the Security Associations (SAs), it can likewise be expressed this is the most made sure about encoding calculation that could be utilized to scramble the information and guard them. In view of the multifaceted nature AES is the least difficult scrambling calculation (Nomula, Rafai verma, 2016). Security challenges looked by instances of WPAN Technology There are different instances of the WPAN innovation that could be executed while being associated with a system or utilizing a system the most well-known systems are Bluetooth and ZigBee arrange that has been decided for the appropriate response of this inquiry. Remote innovation faces a considerable lot of the issues identified with the security and comparably these advancements likewise faces certain security gives that can be recorded as: Security issues identified with the utilization of the Bluetooth system can be recorded as: Forswearing of administration DoS is one of the straightforward information penetrating coding that could oppose the client or even denies the client to interface with the system through sending different solicitations at a similar second through various or single petition. This assault could prompt the smashing of the gadget, correspondence blocked, battery utilization and a lot more vulnerabilities that bring about genuine harm to the client (Padgette, 2017). Bluesnarfing: This is additionally one of the straightforward coding in the word reference of the programmers that let the gatecrasher access to the data and information that is spared into the gadget through matching with the gadget. There are sure applications accessible on the web that can allow it to occur and even an individual can make calls and message utilizing Bluetooth arrange from different gadgets (Al-Janabi et al., 2017). Listening stealthily This way of assault permits the gatecrasher to sniff the encompassing through which the sign is going through the Bluetooth organize and might investigate the sign that is being going through the system. This could prompt both the protection and security issues for the client utilizing Bluetooth organize. Blue irritating This is an assault that permits the client to remotely get to different gadgets and could without much of a stretch control the exercises of the gadget through further coding. This could even send messages either text or voice and select any alternative makes the gadget helpless against be utilized by its proprietor. Following is a rundown portraying the security issues identified with the ZigBee arrange: Sniffing: It is a method that permits gatecrashers to sniff the ill-advised coding to the system in way to scramble the framework with inappropriate coding and influence the data being saved money on the system (Misra et al., 2016). Replay assault: this is another method of assaulting the data I which the interloper records the message going during the traffic and after a case replays the recorded data alongside the vindictive code. Physical Attacks: One of the most widely recognized assaults for any system and in this system hampering is made in the wake of finding the gadgets. General path for driving this assault is Hard coded encryption keys which are stacked in the RAM are regularly utilized by radios working in the ZigBee organize once the gadget is fueled. Vitality Harvesting The main paper by Fisal and Sherali (2016) presented that WSNs (Wireless Sensor Networks) innovation has been as of late began to get the acknowledgment as a key empowering method for the figuring zones that are rising unavoidable in this part. The remote sensor systems have been persistently pulling in the consideration of different partners including the plan and the method of usage. The creator built up a thorough arrangement plot for procedures of vitality gathering that utilized the outer sources and encompassing condition for producing through remote sensor systems. The creator has completely surveyed the instrument of vitality reaping and delivered the method that could be positive in collecting the energies. They expressed that it merits nothing that very wellspring of vitality has various abilities of collecting, and that outcomes in the reaper equipment plan that is likewise extraordinary for every class that could be useful in deciding the proficiency of the gatherer. Base d on discoveries and review made by them they have reasoned that It is important that every vitality source has distinctive collecting abilities and, therefore, the collector equipment configuration is likewise unique for every classification which at last decides the proficiency of the reaper (Faisal and sherali, 2016). Another article proposed by Ulukus et al. (2015) states about the strategies and instrument of vitality gathering remote correspondences. The creators have accentuated on the development of the model of vitality participation and move, which could have made chance through bridling the vitality, from the exchange of the messages or data through the remote system. Different points had been secured by the creators concerning the physical layer of the exhibition and the instructive hypothetical medium access control convention. They have reasoned that the dangers looked by vitality gathering from physical and handy concerns has made this procedure face new difficulties and the conversation of the vitality and data move gives energizing prospects that can be adjusted later on to adjust the system tasks with improved execution. References: Ahmad, R., Ismail, W. (2016). Execution Comparison of Advanced Encryption Standard-128 Algorithms for WIMAX Application with Improved Power-Throughput.Journal of Engineering Science and Technology,11(12), 1-17. Al-Janabi, S., Al-Shourbaji, I., Shojafar, M., Shamshirband, S. (2017). Study of fundamental difficulties (security and protection) in remote body territory systems for medicinal services applications.Egyptian Informatics Journal,18(2), 113-122. Eren, E. (2014). SECURITY ASSESSMENT OF IEEE 802.16 (WIMAX)A SHORT COMPARISON BETWEEN IEEE 802.16 d AND 802.16 e.International Journal of Computing,7(2), 91-99. Hassan, A., Bach, C. (2014, April). WiMAX Basics From Deployments to PHY Improvements. ASEE. Misra, S., Goswami, S., Taneja, C., Mukherjee, A. (2016). Structure and execution examination of an open key infrastructure?enabled security structure for ZigBee sensor networks.International Journal of Communication Systems,29(13), 1992-2014. Nomula, R., Rifai, M. E., Verma, P. (2016). Multi-photon lenient conventions for quantum secure correspondence in remote standards.International Journal of Security and Networks,11(1-2), 25-36. Padgette, J. (2017). Manual for bluetooth security.NIST Special Publication,800, 121. Ravishankar, C., Zakaria, G., Benammar, N., Corrigan, J. (2017).U.S. Patent No. 9,722,789. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Shaikh, Faisal Karim, and Sherali Zeadally. Vitality collecting in remote sensor organizes: An extensive survey. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 55 (2016): 1041-1054. Ulukus, Sennur, et al. Vitality collecting remote correspondences: A survey of late advances. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 33.3 (2015): 360-381.

poem essays

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Inner Beauty Matters Essay

Internal excellence matters what number occasions do we see ourselves in the mirror and offer negative remarks about our looks. I’m not lovely or I’m excessively fat or I’m excessively overweight. These are not many of the expressions that first ring a bell in quite a while when they take a gander at themselves in the mirror. All things considered, 90% of high school young ladies don't care for the manner in which they look or show up. The purpose behind that is †in our general public you get consideration from individuals in the event that you look appealing and dazzling. A few young ladies who are overweight would get negative remarks from peers like-‘That young lady is too ugly’ or ‘That young lady resembles a bulldozer’. Fat isn't something you have, it is something you are. We don’t state â€Å"You have fat,† we state, â€Å"You are fat. † We relate to our bodies. So the young person gets the message that this heftiness is disagreeableness. A portion of the youngsters who don’t acknowledge the manner in which they look, attempt to change themselves by slimming down which prompts sicknesses and infections like anorexia. Eating fewer carbs is the act of ingesting nourishment in a managed manner to accomplish or keep up a controlled weight. Much of the time the objective is weight reduction in the individuals who are overweight or corpulent, yet a few people nowadays begin consuming less calories since they need to change the manner in which they appear to the general public. Be that as it may, the main thing throughout everyday life? An old precept states, â€Å"Beauty is subjective depending on each person's preferences. † Something or somebody is wonderful, contingent upon the point of view of the individual glancing in. In any case, the significant thing that issues is-Is the individual gorgeous from inside? Since Without an uncertainty internal magnificence keeps going forever though external excellence blurs. Anybody can counterfeit the outside to make oneself look better and pretty yet inward excellence can’t be faked. For instance you could be the most delightful individual on the planet yet on the off chance that you have a loathsome character it just makes you appalling. Your self-perception is the means by which you see, contemplate your body however this may have no connection at all on your genuine appearance. For example, it is basic in Western countries for ladies to accept they are bigger and fatter than they truly are. Just 16% of ladies are happy with their body weight. Our body shape is now chosen before we are conceived. Every last one of us is a one of a kind individual with our own qualities from our mum and father. There is just a single individual on the planet molded like you. Abstaining from excessive food intake doesn't change body shape. The conveyance of weight on your body is going to remain the equivalent †so figure out how to cherish what your identity is. Slimming down isn't successful †counting calories changes a person’s digestion with the goal that they are bound to lose bulk than fat. Rather than counting calories to look better and appealing, you can work out, which is the best and most secure approach to get more advantageous. Liking your body as it is encourages you to keep up an uplifting viewpoint in different parts of your life.

Association of International Graduate Admissions Consultants

Two years ago I attended Tucks first Conference of International Educational Advisors. I went with the purpose of learning more about Tuck. And I did learn a lot about Tuck, as expected, but I discovered that I enjoyed meeting my competition and professional colleagues much more than I anticipated. The networking was great! I have also watched the educational advising industry explode over the roughly 13 years that I have been in it. When I first started Accepted, most people thought I was crazy. Today, new consultancies are popping up like mushrooms after it rains. This growth has fueled concerns about quality and integrity in the industry. As an outgrowth of the Tuck conference and the growth of the admissions consulting industry, in late 2005 I proposed to GMAC that it host a panel about admissions consulting. GMAC accepted my proposal, and last June I was part of a panel presentation at the GMAC Conference entitled Admissions Consultants: Love em, Hate em, Use em. On the panel with me were Ricardo Betti of MBA Empresarial, Maxx Duffy of Maxx Associates, and Graham Richmond of Clear Admit. In response to feedback at the conference and in recognition of a need for a professional graduate admissions consultant association, the four panelists from the GMAC conference have founded the Association of International Graduate Admissions Consultants (AIGAC): To establish standards of practice for top graduate admissions consultants. To create a recognized emblem of professional quality and integrity AIGACs Stamp of Excellence for applicants and the larger admissions community. To provide a forum for member networking and professional development. To offer schools a convenient conduit for communication with consultants and a means for distinguishing between consultants who adhere to the standards and those who dont. On behalf of the AIGAC board, I am proud to announce that AIGAC is open for business. As its first president, I join the other board members in inviting admissions consultants who share its vision, meet its requirements, and adhere to its standards to become members. Join the board, other AIGAC members and me in taking our industry to improved levels of service and professionalism. If you have any questions about AIGAC, please feel free to call me at the AIGAC office (916) 446-3670. If I am not available, please leave a message and some times when I can call you back. Please also feel free to email me with your questions. I also invite applicants, as you approach the 2008 season, to look for AIGACs Stamp of Excellence. Those consultants who display it have met AIGACs membership requirements and agreed to operate in accordance with AIGACs Principles of Good Practice. That emblem means professional quality for you. Schools, in general, are supportive of our efforts. Here are a couple of responses that we have received: From Rose Martinelli, Associate Dean for Student Recruitment and Admissions, University of Chicago Graduate School of Business: candidates may need guidance in exploring career options, identifying appropriate programs and determining the best way to position their candidacy. An organization like AIGAC assures both schools and candidates that there are industry standards in place and consulting firms linked to this organization are following ethical practices. From Dawna Clarke, Director of Admissions, The Tuck School of Business at Dartmouth: At Tuck, we embrace relationships with educational advisors around the world. The advice they provide to prospective students is mutually beneficial to the students as well as the schools they represent.I applaud the current effort of this group to come up with ethical standards of behavior. For more on AIGACs birth, please see the press release and the post on Clear Admits blog.

University of San Diego Acceptance Rate, SAT/ACT Scores, GPA

The University of San Diego is a private Catholic research university with an acceptance rate of 53%. The university has a stunning 180-acre campus defined by its Spanish Renaissance architecture style and views of Mission Bay and the Pacific Ocean. Beaches, mountains, and desert are all within an easy drive of the University of San Diego. The university was awarded a chapter of  Phi Beta Kappa  for its strengths in the liberal arts and sciences. The USD Toreros (Bullfighters) compete in the NCAA Division I  West Coast Conference. Considering applying to the University of San Diego? Here are the admissions statistics you should know, including average SAT/ACT scores and GPAs of admitted students. Acceptance Rate During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, University of San Diego had an acceptance rate of 53%. This means that for every 100 students who applied, 53 students were admitted, making San Diegos admissions process competitive. Admissions Statistics (2017-18) Number of Applicants 13,287 Percent Admitted 53% Percent Admitted Who Enrolled (Yield) 19% SAT Scores and Requirements The University of San Diego requires that all applicants submit either SAT or ACT scores. During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 67% of admitted students submitted SAT scores. SAT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile ERW 600 670 Math 590 690 ERW=Evidence-Based Reading and Writing This admissions data tells us that most of University of San Diegos admitted students fall within the top 35% nationally on the SAT. For the evidence-based reading and writing section, 50% of students admitted to University of San Diego scored between 600 and 670, while 25% scored below 600 and 25% scored above 670. On the math section, 50% of admitted students scored between 590 and 690, while 25% scored below 590 and 25% scored above 690. Applicants with a composite SAT score of 1360 or higher will have particularly competitive chances at University of San Diego. Requirements University of San Diego does not require the SAT writing section. Note that San Diego participates in the scorechoice program, which means that the admissions office will consider your highest score from each individual section across all SAT test dates. SAT Subject tests are not required, but will be considered if submitted. ACT Scores and Requirements The University of San Diego requires that all applicants submit either SAT or ACT scores. During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 45% of admitted students submitted ACT scores. ACT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile English 25 33 Math 25 29 Composite 25 30 This admissions data tells us that most of University of San Diegos admitted students fall within the top 22% nationally on the ACT. The middle 50% of students admitted to University of San Diego received a composite ACT score between 25 and 30, while 25% scored above 30 and 25% scored below 25. Requirements Note that University of San Diego does not superscore ACT results; your highest composite ACT score will be considered. University of San Diego does not require the ACT writing section. GPA In 2018, the average high school GPA for incoming University of San Diego freshmen was 3.9, and over 70% had average high school GPAs above 3.75. These results suggest that most successful applicants to University of San Diego have primarily A grades. Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph University of San Diego Applicants Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph. Data courtesy of Cappex. The admissions data in the graph is self-reported by applicants to the University of San Diego. GPAs are unweighted. Find out how you compare to accepted students, see the real-time graph, and calculate your chances of getting in  with a free Cappex account. Admissions Chances The University of San Diego, which accepts over half of all applicants, has a selective admissions process. If your SAT/ACT scores and GPA fall within the schools average ranges, you have a strong chance of being accepted. However, San Diego also has a  holistic admissions  process involving other factors beyond your grades and test scores. A strong  application essay  and a glowing  letter of recommendation  can strengthen your application, as can participation in meaningful  extracurricular activities  and a  rigorous course schedule.  Applicants with particularly compelling stories or achievements can still receive serious consideration even if their test scores are outside of San Diegos average range. In the graph above, the blue and green dots represent accepted students. You can see that the majority of successful applicants had high school GPAs of 3.5 or better, combined SAT scores of 1150 or higher (ERWM), and ACT composite scores of 24 or better. Your chances of receiving an acceptance letter are best if your numbers are above this lower range. If You Like University of San Diego, You May Also Like These Schools University of San FranciscoSan Diego State UniversitySanta Clara UniversityArizona State UniversityCSU - Long BeachUC - DavisUC - San Diego All admissions data has been sourced from the National Center for Education Statistics and University of San Diego Undergraduate Admissions Office.

The History of Chamber Music - 895 Words

The History of Chamber Music What is chamber music? It is ensemble instrumental music for up to about ten performers with typically one performer to a part. Since circa 1450, there has been instrumental music designed for private playing. These pieces used many instruments and (in Germany) it was common that the folk songs would contain 2-3 countermelodies to expand and elaborate the whole, and to arrange the outcome for groups of instruments. Although the pieces were never written for particular instruments, we can, through art/paintings, reasonably guess that the viol was a predominant early chamber music instrument. A more important source of later chamber music is to be found in the†¦show more content†¦Parallel to the developments that led from the vocal chanson, in France, to the instrumental canzona, primarily in Italy, was the development of the dance suite. Early sixteenth-century dance tunes in all countries of Western Europe usually had appeared in pairs: one was slow, stately in mood and in duple metre (i.e., with two beats to the bar); the other fast, lively in mood, usually in triple metre, and often melodically similar to the first. Through much of the sixteenth century, composers in the several countries sought to expand the dance pair into a unified dance suite. Suites based on variations of one movement appeared in England; suites in which each of four dances had its own rhythmic character, melodically based on the first dance, were written in Germany; sets of dances with no internal relationships to each other were common in Italy. The most influential steps were taken in France by composers for the lute or the clavecin (harpsichord). Consisting essentially of four dance forms that were then popular – the allemande, courante, sarabande, and gigue – the suites they composed were based on contrasting tempos, metres, and rhythmic patterns. The French version of the dance suite became the prototype for later chamber-music forms. It was not until the middle of the seventeenth century that two types of composition –Show MoreRelatedHistory of the Violas Role in Part-Writing for Chamber Music975 Words   |  4 PagesCarolyn Hunter Music 700 November 1, 2009 Mini-Research Paper #2 History of the Viola’s Role in Part-Writing for Chamber Music There is considerable debate amongst scholars as to whether the birth of the viola preceded or succeeded that of the violin. However, iconographic and documentary evidence indicate that the violin, viola, and cello most likely evolved together as a family of instruments very early in the sixteenth century and almost certainly in northern Italy. Part-writingRead MoreEssay about Handel and Bach Comparisons840 Words   |  4 PagesJacob Zeller Professor Davidson History of Music 114:01 15 November 2012 Bach v. Handel When thinking of composers, whose works changed the world of music forever, many names may come to mind. Among those on that list, both Johann Sebastian Bach and George Frideric Handel are figures whose effect on music has been felt worldwide. Born in the same year, these composers have much in common and many differences that illustrate their importance to their era and music as we see it today. Their individualismRead MoreThe Van Beethoven s Musical Style And Innovations1263 Words   |  6 PagesLuwig Van Beethoven Ludwig Van Beethoven was born in Bonn, Germany and spent his musical career in Vienna. Beethoven is â€Å"widely considered to be one of the pre-eminent classical music figures of the Western world† (Beethoven 5). 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According to Charles Burney, an English music historian, Fairnelli â€Å"set off with such brilliancy and rapidity of execution that it was difficult for the violins of those days to keep pace with him†¦ [he] could hold his notes for such a long time that those who heardRead MoreFranz Schubert: A Biography and Musical Analysis Essay1118 Words   |  5 Pagesbirthday) – and his music was generally unrecognized and unappreciated during his time, but his exemplification of romantic lyricism and immen se amount of composing, which encompasses approximately 600 liturgical music scores and lieder (lyric songs); nine symphonies that truly represent the era of classicism; several pieces for the stage; choral music; overtures; piano music, including sonatas and trios; chamber music; string quartets; impromptus; three song cycles; incidental music; seven masses; andRead MoreClassical Music And The Music868 Words   |  4 Pagesthe duty of the artist. Classical music is composed with such emotion it can leave an audience stricken with feelings after hearing a movement. The key is the emotion behind the music. It leaves listeners to wonder what was going on during that time in a composer’s life. Whether it was joyful and happy or depressing and dark, the audience wants to know the motive behind the composition of music. Classical radio stations are the perfect place to enjoy the music that started it all Classical radioRead MoreA Brief Biography of Elliot Cook Carter Jr.1127 Words   |  4 PagesHe became involved in music initially as a teen, and was encouraged in this regard by family friend Charles Ives, who was also a composer. At the age of 15, he had the opportunity to sit in the audience of the Boston Symphony Orchestra’s New York Premiere of The Rite of Spring. It was then 1924Í ¾ the experience would prove to be a major influence on the remainder of his life. Carter received his undergraduate degree in English at Harvard University, but he also studied music there, as well as at the

Anz Case Study Of Change Management Analysis-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The ANZ Case Study Of Change Management Analysis? Answer: Introduction Change management is a necessary factor within organisation for creating sustainability and profitability(Young, 2009). Change management processes include a series of transformation steps that can lead employees into the changed process. The scope of the following report analysis deals with case study analysis of ANZ Bank. The Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited (ANZ) is a leading and largest bank amongst five most successful companies in Australia and also in New Zealand. The Company had gained tremendous success post its establishment in 1835, now it has expanded to various countries globally serving multitudes of investors, customers and countries(Aiken, 2009). The Company is publicly listed with consistent performance in various countries around the world. The Company has a shared cultural value based dimension with its employees and management. The Bank had been successful in developing several employee related programs which were extremely successful but there had been a major challenge faced by the Bank in 1990s. The Bank employees had faced low employee morale and customer dissatisfaction along with other related issues, which led to appointment of McFarlane as a CEO(Klaus, 2014). He was focused on achieving transition in the Bank for achieving its success and sustainability for the future. The case study analyses challenges faced by McFarlane change management process, along with recommendations in order to overcome the same. Case Analysis ANZ Bank had been extremely successful in its various employee management processes. It has long history of customer satisfaction in its various phases of history but in 1990 it faced challenges in regards to poor performance, which led to its implementation of change management programs(Avey, 2008). McFarlane, who was bent on creating long-term strategic initiative for the Bank, envisioned the change management within the Bank. He viewed lack of banks performance in rural areas, due to which he withdrew from such areas and attended to lack of senior women in higher ranks. He undertook concept of corporate social responsibility for extending competitive advantage within the industry. He went ahead with then job cuts for generating better cost-to-income ratios then further undertook organisational transformation processes(Hayes, 2014). His primary focus was to rapidly transform the organisation impacting it from top-down approach as well as bottom-up approach for creating ANZ with a h uman face that could deliver financial benefits and shareholder returns. There were tremendous amounts of discrepancies that existed in employee vision regarding the Bank and way the bank wanted to be structured. All changes that was envisioned by McFarlane was rapid and did not progress with the aid of a change management leader. Leadership of McFarlane can be considered tremendously ineffective as he could not bring about the gradual transformation in the organisation cultural processes(Oreg, 2011). Effective change management is progressed by help of a change management leader, who envisions and then later implements the change within the framework of the organisation culture. Change envisioned within ANZ was a qualitative change that had to transform the organisational climate existing within the Company. It aimed at transforming values and operations of employees which could in turn help render performance related objectives. Employee performance was inadequate at the organisation and could be impacted with changed processes(Jack Walker, 2007). Hence, for bringing about changes in employees, a transformational leader should have led the process. Failure in attending to the change process reflects the ineffectiveness and rapidness with which the change was brought about in the Company with lack of planning. Various change management models that could have been implemented could allow the Company better results with change management rather than failing in the change methodolog y. One of change management models that is often accepted by industry wide participants consists of Kotters Change Management Model(Frankland, 2008). Kotter proposed a 8-step model for change management starting with creating a sense of urgency, followed by building a coalition, then forming a strategic vision with initiatives. Further steps includes enlisting a volunteer, then enabling action by removal of barrier, then generating a short-term win, then sustaining accelerated changed process and finally attainment of change process(Yu, 2009). In first step of creating a sense of urgency, transformational or change management leader raises concern for implementing a process of change. In any change management process as it will be undertaken by employees, it is essential that a communication with confidence is created along with employees. This makes employees feel aware regarding the process of change and then implement step by step procedures(Kotter, 2008). However, in case of McFarlane change management procedure of cultural transformation at the Bank though employee engagement was the central point but they were not involved. A sense of urgency amongst senior as well lower levels employees. Though performance related parameters were designed but at every point a step was undertaken there was no evaluation of the measure. In the second step that aimed at building a coalition, implying effective people in their own capacities for coordinating and communicating amongst activities(Thompson, 2010). Though McFarlane was very aggressive regarding the idea of affecting and bringing about the process of change, he was not focused on figuring out appropriate people in roles who could create an impact and make change processes ore effective. The change management procedure at the ANZ Bank was more haphazard in nature which included undertaking various activities at the same point in time(Inalhan, 2009). The third step is the most critical step of all that encompasses forming of a strategic vision and initiatives. In this step transformational leader is expected to analyse ways in which future is going to be different as compared to its past by linking it directly to the vision. Vision of McFarlane was to make ANZ a human bank where customer satisfaction could be attempted by way of employee engagement strategies(Allen, 2007). Performance related objectives with Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) were set to set apart desired outcomes with those of present scores. The fourth step encompasses envisioning people who would effectively manage the change procedure. McFarlane visions regarding change was not very successful as there were not much participation from internal stakeholders. McFarlane way of leadership was rather transactional in nature compared to transformational styles. He linked performance based parameters by linking them to financial incentives for employees, rather than taking them into confidence for change management processes(Hamel, 2008). Opportunity to drive change can be enabled by moving in similar direction as envisioned by leader with all employees could generate positive outcome for changes within the organisation. Fifth step in Kotters change management procedure encompassed removal of all barriers. McFarlane leadership failed to visualize barriers and remove them. Primary barrier of productivity that was affecting ANZ was its bureaucratic style of management and traditional methods(Choi, 2011). Transforming this current style of management and bringing together more participative style could enhance productivity and created more employee engagement procedures. Employee engagement procedure is further encompassed by way of various innovative job design that could lead to employee motivation and their satisfaction. Employee engagement strategy can be brought about by leader and can lead to transformation in the organisation in a productive manner. In generating short-term wins, KPIs needed to be collected to track progress and energize volunteers(Herold, 2007). Data was collected from ANZ in the first instance and then change management procedure was impacted, in between there were no endeavors made. If the management would have collected data to mark progress of change management procedure then it could have led to better outcomes for the Company. In this step for sustaining acceleration for success, credibility for improved systems is developed with policies and structures(Connelly, 2011). Initiating change until vision is achieved is a major way to achieve success in change management procedure. The Bank did not collect much of information on its employees for generating their effectiveness and efficiency. The Bank did not highlight and provide clear path for its managers for guiding and arriving at results from their employees. In the final stage articulation between the new behaviour and organisational success is attained for becoming successful(Shin, 2012). It is at this stage that the entire change process envisioned is implemented. The focus of change management procedure at ANZ was blurred hence the change management procedure could not be successfully attained to. McFarlane did accept that the change management procedure at the Bank was not planned out in a proper manner that led to its failure. Primary vision of shareholders is to maximize the value of their investment in the Company, they appointed McFarlane as a capable CEO for ANZ. McFarlane had a successful career and reports that made him capable to handle the various challenges that was then posed by the Company. Tracking personal charisma and his performance he was appointed to take charge of the bank and to lead it. McFarlane was however, not a capable transformational leader, though he envisioned various changes in ANZ(Turner Parish, 2008). In order to bring about changes into the Bank he brought about several haphazard changes for keeping up with competitive nature in the market. Though he could not establish changes in regards to acquisitions. All his endeavors for generating profitability and sustainability in the bank was by talent management. He did not undertake thorough data collection and analysis of his various human resources hence his various schemes did not yield him much returns. Kurt Lewins model of c hange also proposes a three step procedure for bringing about changes in an organisation as Freeze, Change and Refreeze(Keller, 2009). In this procedure also change is encompassed in a step-by-step fashion and does not progress with varied dimensions in a multi-dimensional manner. Though the organisation yield success in its various employee related programs however it could be successful in its leadership and cultural transition management. Conclusion Analysis of the above conditions for change reflects an ambience of positive spirit within the Company. While it is prevalent that organisational change is conducive to success and long term sustainability of the organisation, in case not applied properly can lead to mismanagement and loss for the organisation. The ambience of change as analysed in ANZ Bank was to bring about positive changes such as to match its services to current prevalent conditions in the industry. ANZ Bank needs to analyse appropriately its employees outlook prior to implementing any sort of change management strategy. The Company also needs to adopt change management or transformational leader, who has capacity to bring about changes within the organisation appropriately. As the scope of the organisation extends to various domains and it being a service related organisation, there needs to be appropriate change management strategies that is able to incorporate adequate changes within its framework. Thus, while change management can generate positive impacts, it needs to be carefully evaluated and then applied for generating overall positive outcome for the organisation. Reference Lists Aiken, C. . 2009. The irrational side of change management. McKinsey Quarterly, 100-109. Allen, J. J. 2007. Uncertainty during organizational change: Managing perceptions through communication. Journal of change management, 187-210. Avey, J. B. 2008. 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